The body’s delicate. The tempest in my mind. Doth from my senses take all feeling else save what beats there.

-I guess he’s trying to say that his sanity is becoming questionable. And something within him is causing chaos in his head? Like he’s aware of it. But powerless to do anything about it.

-this tempest would not give me leave to ponder on things that would hurt me more

i reckon when he says tempest he might be using it in this context as a sort of veil. Like he can’t get past it because he knows that he will be severly injured emotionally if he keeps think about all the ”injustices” that have been done to him.